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Where do the ethical principles followed by ICH GCP guidelines originate from?

  1. The Geneva Convention

  2. The Declaration of Helsinki

  3. The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

  4. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights

The correct answer is: The Declaration of Helsinki

The ICH GCP guidelines follow the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. This declaration is a set of ethical principles for medical research involving human subjects, developed by the World Medical Association. Option A, the Geneva Convention, is a framework for international law protecting the rights of victims in armed conflict, and does not pertain to research ethics. Option C, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, is a United Nations treaty that lists rights in the civil and political realm, rather than medical research. Option D, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, is a declaration adopted by the United Nations General Assembly that lists fundamental human rights, but does not specifically mention research ethics.