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In which phase of clinical development is determining a drug's effectiveness the primary goal?

  1. Phase I

  2. Phase II

  3. Phase III

  4. Phase IV

The correct answer is: Phase III

During Phase I of clinical development, the primary goal is to test the safety of the drug in a small group of healthy volunteers. Phase II focuses on testing the drug's efficacy in a larger group of patients with the target disease or condition. Phase III is the final stage of clinical development and is designed to confirm the drug's effectiveness in a larger population. Therefore, determining a drug's effectiveness is the primary goal in Phase III. Phase IV, also known as post-marketing surveillance, is conducted after the drug is approved and focuses on monitoring the drug's safety and potential long-term side effects.